Causes and Treatments of Acne

Acne is one of the most common skin conditions, affecting millions of people worldwide, especially teenagers. According to the Mayo Clinic, acne occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads. This condition is most common on the face, chest, and back, where oil glands are more active. Hormonal changes, such as those during puberty, pregnancy, or stress, can increase oil production and make acne worse (American Academy of Dermatology).

Several factors contribute to acne, including genetics, bacteria, and lifestyle habits. Harvard Health Publishing states that a bacteria called Cutibacterium acnes plays a major role by inflaming clogged pores. Additionally, greasy skincare products, poor diet, and touching the face frequently can make acne worse. Some studies suggest that dairy and high-sugar foods might trigger breakouts in some individuals, but more research is needed to confirm this (Cleveland Clinic).

There are many ways to treat acne, ranging from over-the-counter products to prescription medications. Mild acne can often be managed with cleansers containing benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid, which help remove oil and dead skin. For more severe cases, dermatologists may prescribe retinoids, antibiotics, or hormonal treatments like birth control pills (Mayo Clinic). In some cases, procedures such as chemical peels or laser therapy can help reduce scarring and inflammation (American Academy of Dermatology).

Preventing acne requires good skincare habits and a healthy lifestyle. Washing the face twice daily, using non-comedogenic (non-pore-clogging) products, and avoiding excessive touching of the face can help. Eating a balanced diet and managing stress may also reduce breakouts. Since acne can affect self-esteem and mental health, it’s important to seek medical help if it becomes severe or painful (Harvard Health Publishing). By understanding the causes and treatments of acne, people can take steps to maintain clearer, healthier skin.